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World Heritage Sites in Scotland are locations that have been included in the UNESCO World Heritage Programme list of sites of outstanding cultural or natural importance to the common heritage of humankind. Historic Scotland is responsible for 'cultural' sites as part of their wider responsibility towards the historic environment. The Environment Directorate is responsible for natural sites.〔("What is A World Heritage Site?" ). Historic Scotland. Retrieved 12 August 2010.〕 There are currently 6 sites in the country, with a further 2 undergoing a process of formal evaluation. Informal discussion of a site for "Þings" (Norse parliaments) has taken place. ==Existing sites== The six existing sites are mapped to the right and described in detail below. They are: # St. Kilda # Edinburgh Old Town and New Town # The Heart of Neolithic Orkney # New Lanark # The Antonine Wall # The Forth Bridge St. Kilda is a small, out-lying archipelago of Hebridean islands which was inscribed as a "natural" site in 1986.〔("Scotland's National Nature Reserves—News and Events" ) (9 December 2004) National Trust for Scotland. Retrieved 17 March 2007.〕 In 2004, the site was extended to include a large amount of the surrounding marine features as well as the islands themselves.〔(''Marine Environment gains World Heritage Protection'' ) (2 July 2004) The National Trust for Scotland. Retrieved 4 December 2008.〕〔("World Heritage Sites in Scotland" ) (21 July 2007) Scottish Parliament Information Centre. Research Note RN 01/73. Retrieved 3 January 2007.〕 In July 2005 it became one of the few World Heritage Sites to hold joint status for its natural and cultural qualities.〔("Dual World Heritage Status For Unique Scottish Islands" ) (14 July 2005) National Trust for Scotland. Retrieved 6 January 2007.〕 The islands were bequeathed to the National Trust for Scotland in 1957. They are also a Biosphere Reserve and a National Scenic Area. "Edinburgh Old and New Towns" were together inscribed as a World Heritage Site in 1996. The former includes the medieval Royal Mile which runs from Edinburgh Castle to the Palace of Holyroodhouse, and is bordered to the north by the neo-classical 18th century "New Town" which includes Princes Street. It is managed by the Edinburgh World Heritage Trust. "The Heart of Neolithic Orkney" includes Maeshowe, the Ring of Brodgar, Skara Brae, the Standing Stones of Stenness and other nearby sites. It was inscribed in 1999 and is managed by Historic Scotland. New Lanark was inscribed in 2001. It is a restored 18th century industrial cotton mill village in South Lanarkshire constructed by Robert Owen as an experiment in utopian socialism. Restoration was organised by the New Lanark Conservation Trust, which was formed in 1974. The Antonine Wall was inscribed in July 2008.〔("Wall gains World Heritage status'" ) BBC News. Retrieved 8 July 2008.〕 It is an extension to a wider series of sites in Austria, Germany and Slovakia entitled "Frontiers of the Roman Empire".〔 The Wall is the remains of a defensive line made of turf c. 20 feet high, with nineteen forts. It was constructed after 139 AD and extended for 37 miles between the Firth of Forth and the Firth of Clyde. The wall was overrun and abandoned soon after 160 AD, then occupied again for a brief period after 197 AD. The Forth Bridge was inscribed as a World Heritage Site on 5 July 2015. Its three iconic diamond-shaped towers form a cantilever bridge completed in 1890 carrying a dual-track railway line above the waters of the Firth of Forth north-west of Edinburgh over a distance of . Network Rail, the current owners of the bridge, made their initial opposition to a nomination clear, being concerned this could impose "additional burdens" on their ability to operate it.〔("Forth Rail Bridge owners oppose world heritage status" ) (20 July 2010) BBC News. Retrieved 1 August 2010.〕 Nonetheless, the bridge was nominated for inclusion in early 2014.〔("Forth Bridge in UK's latest World Heritage bid" ). (24 January 2014) BBC News. Retrieved 25 January 2014.〕 The listing recognised it as "an extraordinary and impressive milestone in bridge design and construction during the period when railways came to dominate long-distance land travel." Commenting on World Heritage Day in 2008, Linda Fabiani the then Scottish Minister for Europe, External Affairs and Culture stated: "We can... take the opportunity to reflect upon the contribution of our own World Heritage sites and their place in the global story of humanity. We can celebrate, with justified pride, Scotland's contribution".〔Fabiani, Linda (18 April 2008) ("History that is worth preserving – and worth celebrating, too." ) Edinburgh. ''The Scotsman''. Retrieved 18 April 2008.〕 A year later the then Culture Minister Mike Russell MSP announced at Mount Rushmore in the United States that Historic Scotland had launched a project called the Scottish Ten. This was to use laser scanners to create digital models of Scotland’s five World Heritage Sites and for another five sites elsewhere, including the Mount Rushmore National Memorial. The aim is to use the digital imagery to aid in the "conservation, maintenance and management of these globally important sites". The amount of data stored will be significant. Similar work recently done on Rosslyn Chapel near Edinburgh resulted in the storage of terabytes of data, the scans being made up of 8 billion individual points. This information will be held on special secure servers〔("Laser Scanning" ). Historic Scotland. Retrieved 12 August 2010.〕 and a budget of £1.5 million has been allocated to the project.〔("Minute of Board Meeting" ) - Scottish Ten and Joint Venture with Glasgow School of Art (HSB 40/09). (17 December 2009). Historic Scotland.〕 Also in 2009, the Clydesdale Bank commemorated Scotland's sites on the reverses of a new series of banknotes: an image based on a historical photograph of St Kilda residents appeared on the £5 notes; of the Old and New Towns of Edinburgh on the £10 notes; of New Lanark on the £20 notes; of the Antonine Wall on the £50 notes; and of Neolithic Orkney on the £100 notes.〔("Banknote Design Features : Clydesdale Bank World Heritage Series" ). The Committee of Scottish Clearing Bankers. Retrieved 29 August 2010.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of World Heritage Sites in Scotland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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